This is also a characteristic of the schools Rudra and Nimbarka sampradaya, as well as that of Swaminarayan faith. Manipuri Vaishnavas do not worship Krishna alone, but as Radha Krishna, a combined image of Krishna and Radha. Often, Krishna is pictured with his gopi-consort Radha. He may be alone, or with associated figures: his brother Balarama and sister Subhadra, or his main queens Rukmini and Satyabhama.
Representations in temples often show Krishna as a man standing in an upright, formal pose. In these depictions, he is shown as a man, often with typical god-like characteristics of Hindu religious art, such as multiple arms or heads, denoting power, and with attributes of Vishnu, such as the chakra or in his two-armed form as a charioteer.Ī 800 BС cave paintings in Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, North India, which show raiding horse-charioteers, one of whom is about to hurl such a wheel could potentially be identified as Krishna. The scene on the battlefield of Kurukshetra, notably where he addresses Arjuna in the Bhagavad Gita, is another common subject for representation. Iconographyīala Krishna dancing, sculpture from National Museum, New Delhi. Some of the distinct names may be regionally important for instance, Jagannatha (literally "Lord of the Universe"), a popular deity of Puri in eastern India. Among the most common names are Govinda, "finder of cows", or Gopala, "protector of cows", which refer to Krishna's childhood in Vraja. Krishna is also known by various other names, epithets and titles, which reflect his many associations and attributes. Based on his name, Krishna is often depicted in murtis as black or blue-skinned. As a name of Vishnu, Krishna listed as the 57th name in the Vishnu Sahasranama. As a proper noun, Kṛṣṇa occurs in RV 8.85.3 as the name of a poet. As a feminine noun, kṛṣṇā is used in the meaning "night, blackness, darkness" in the Rigveda, and as a demon or spirit of darkness in RV 4.16.13. The Sanskrit word kṛṣṇa is primarily an adjective meaning "black", "dark" or "dark-blue"., sometimes it is also translated as "all attractive". Main article: List of titles and names of Krishna The Gaudiya Vaishnavism sect of Krishnaism was established in the 16th century, and since the 1960s has also spread in the West, largely due to the International Society for Krishna Consciousness. From the 10th century AD, Krishna became a favorite subject in performing arts and regional traditions of devotion developed for forms of Krishna such as Jagannatha in Orissa, Vithoba in Maharashtra and Shrinathji in Rajasthan. Worship of Krishna as svayam bhagavan, or the Supreme Being, known as Krishnaism, arose in the Middle Ages in the context of the bhakti movement. Worship of a deity of Krishna, in the form of Vasudeva, Bala Krishna or Gopala, can be traced to as early as 4th century BC. The principal scriptures discussing Krishna's story are the Mahabharata, the Harivamsa, the Bhagavata Purana and the Vishnu Purana. They portray him in various perspectives: a god-child, a prankster, a model lover, a divine hero and the Supreme Being. The stories of Krishna appear across a broad spectrum of Hindu philosophical and theological traditions. Krishna is often described as an infant or young boy playing a flute as in the Bhagavata Purana, or as a youthful prince giving direction and guidance as in the Bhagavad Gita. Krishna is identified as a historical individual who participated in the events of the Mahabharata. He is the supreme Being and considered in some monotheistic traditions as an Avatar of Vishnu. Krishna ( Hindi/ Sanskrit: कृष्ण)( kṛṣṇa in IAST, pronounced literally "dark, black, dark-blue" ) is a central figure of Hinduism and is traditionally attributed the authorship of the Bhagavad Gita. Radha, Rukmini, Satyabhama, Jambavati, Satya, Lakshmana, Kalindi, Bhadra, Mitravinda.īhagavata Purana, Bhagavad Gita, Mahabharata For other meanings, see Krishna (disambiguation).
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